Answer the following questions:
QUESTION 1
Put false (X) or true (√) at the front of Five of
the following statements: (20 marks)
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1- Stress is the force affecting an area.
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( √ )
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2- The shortening in the earth´s crust is represented by normal faults.
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(
X
)
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3- In the homogenous strain, the original straight lines
remain straight after deformation.
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(
√
)
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4- The displacement on the fractures occurs when the shear
stress (σs) > normal stress (σn) +
shear strength.
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(
√
)
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5- We should not know the initial shape of the object
during the strain determination.
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(
X
)
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6- The breccias and gouge characterize the deepest
portion of the shear zone.
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(
X
)
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7- Kink folding is the slip along the fractures or
foliations at an angle to the folded layers.
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(
X )
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QUESTION 2
Fill in the spaces of Five
of the following statements: (20 marks)
1- σ2 is
generally parallel to the …axis…. of fold.
2- Strain is produced in the rocks in response to ……stress…….
3- After the deformation, the measuring of
the length changes is called longitudinal.. strain.
4- The rocks failed by fracturing at the …rupture…. strength.
5- The plastic deformation in the
rocks is represented by …folding
and stretching
6- The ……buckling…
is the folding mechanism in which, the upper surface of the folded bed is
subjected to extension whereas its lower surface subjected to shortening.
7- The
…bending…………… is the folding mechanism in which,
the folded bed is subjected to vertical forces.
QUESTION 3
Choose the correct answer from the
brackets of Five of the following statements: (20 marks)
a-
σ1 has a vertical attitude during
the formation of (reverse fault – normal fault – strike-slip
fault).
b- (crossed – en echelon – overstepped) arrangement characterizes the structures formed by
simple shear.
c- The distortion strain is the
change in the (location – shape – volume) of the deformed object.
d-
The flower structures occur at the ends of two overlapped (normal –
reverse – strike-slip) faults.
e-
The (infinitesimal – incremental - finite) strain is
the measuring of sum of strain from an initial shape to the final shape.
f-
There is a (low – high) ductility contrast between the folded beds in
the passive flow folding.
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